What is a vitamin B12 deficiency?

What is a vitamin B12 deficiency?

Vitamin B12 deficiency is a nutritional disorder characterized by insufficient levels of this crucial water-soluble vitamin in the body. This condition can lead to significant health complications affecting multiple body systems, particularly neurological and hematological functions.

♂️ Causes:

• Inadequate dietary intake, common in vegetarians and vegans

• Reduced absorption due to gastrointestinal disorders like Crohn's disease or celiac disease

• Autoimmune conditions such as pernicious anemia

• Certain medications that interfere with B12 absorption

• Age-related reduced absorption capacity

  
  

♂️ Symptoms:

• Persistent fatigue and weakness

• Neurological issues like numbness and tingling in hands and feet

• Difficulty maintaining balance

• Memory problems and cognitive decline

• Pale or jaundiced skin

• Shortness of breath

• Depression and mood changes

• Glossitis (inflamed tongue)

  
  

♂️. Potential Complications:

• Megaloblastic anemia

• Increased risk of neurological disorders

• Potential nerve damage

• Higher cardiovascular risk

• Potential pregnancy complications

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♂️ Diagnosis typically involves blood tests measuring B12 levels, complete blood count, and sometimes neurological examinations.

Treatment generally includes B12 supplements, dietary changes, and addressing underlying causes, which can involve oral supplements, intramuscular injections, or high-dose treatments depending on the severity and cause of the deficiency.